Performance Practice in a World Music Ensemble Essay -- Timbre Music E

Execution Practice in a World Music Ensemble Presentation One of the destinations of the Indiana University International Vocal Ensemble (IVE) is to sing music of non-western societies in the local language, and to the degree conceivable, sing with trustworthiness of vocal and melodic style. A resulting objective is to copy music precisely when given an aural model. In light of these targets I am keen on semantic recognition and PC examination prompts of vocal tone and the degree, assuming any, to which vocal tone can be imitated among societies, and how this data can be added to an interpretation to help the artist. For this specific undertaking I concentrated on the creation of Ghanaian vocal tone by three local Ghanaians, people in IVE, and non-IVE individuals from a Ghanaian youngsters' melody. This paper will concentrate on the information of one of the Ghanaian female witnesses (Gf1) and one American female IVE part (Af1). There is no indisputable hypothesis of tone observation. Some portion of the trouble is that tone is hard to see as a disconnected wonder since it depends on observation. Tone is associated with the source rather than individual and quantifiable properties, for example, recurrence or plentifulness. With respect to vocal tone the vocal tract changes the wind current range into unmistakable acoustical examples which we know as vowels. Vowels are a melodic component of singing beside their data conveying capacity. (Benade, 1990) Three territories of vowel creation that are normally concentrated in PC investigation while exploring tone are the consonant spectra, formants, and assault and rot homeless people. Another way to deal with exploring tone alongside PC examination is the examination of... ...oice varies in choral singing and solo singing, and in Western prepared singing an alternate tone is wanted for choral singing contrasted and solo singing. Another distinction is that ...choral artists endeavor to tune their voice tone so as to work with the tone of the remainder of the ensemble, while an independent artist would attempt to build up their own individual tone. (Sundberg, 1987) How individuals' impression of tone make an interpretation of from the person to a gathering sound? What modifications do one's ears make? These issues are open for additional examination on the tone of singing. The melody Kofi has since been performed at various shows, and numerous individuals in the ensemble will keep murmuring the tune when it flies into their head for some explanation. Next semester there will be new pieces and new tones to start to display, with new examination fit to be researched. Execution Practice in a World Music Ensemble Essay - Timbre Music E Execution Practice in a World Music Ensemble Presentation One of the destinations of the Indiana University International Vocal Ensemble (IVE) is to sing music of non-western societies in the local language, and to the degree conceivable, sing with uprightness of vocal and melodic style. A resulting objective is to copy music precisely when given an aural model. In light of these destinations I am keen on semantic discernment and PC investigation signals of vocal tone and the degree, assuming any, to which vocal tone can be imitated among societies, and how this data can be added to a translation to help the artist. For this specific undertaking I concentrated on the creation of Ghanaian vocal tone by three local Ghanaians, people in IVE, and non-IVE individuals from a Ghanaian youngsters' melody. This paper will concentrate on the information of one of the Ghanaian female sources (Gf1) and one American female IVE part (Af1). There is no definitive hypothesis of tone observation. Some portion of the trouble is that tone is hard to see as a secluded marvel since it depends on discernment. Tone is associated with the source rather than individual and quantifiable properties, for example, recurrence or sufficiency. With respect to vocal tone the vocal tract changes the wind current range into unmistakable acoustical examples which we know as vowels. Vowels are a melodic component of singing beside their data conveying capacity. (Benade, 1990) Three territories of vowel creation that are normally concentrated in PC investigation while exploring tone are the symphonious spectra, formants, and assault and rot drifters. Another way to deal with exploring tone alongside PC examination is the examination of... ...oice contrasts in choral singing and solo singing, and in Western prepared singing an alternate tone is wanted for choral singing contrasted and solo singing. Another distinction is that ...choral artists endeavor to tune their voice tone so as to work with the tone of the remainder of the ensemble, while an independent vocalist would attempt to build up their own individual tone. (Sundberg, 1987) How individuals' view of tone make an interpretation of from the person to a gathering sound? What modifications do one's ears make? These issues are open for additional examination on the tone of singing. The melody Kofi has since been performed at various shows, and numerous individuals in the ensemble will keep murmuring the tune when it flies into their head for some explanation. Next semester there will be new pieces and new tones to start to display, with new examination fit to be explored.

Crime and Gangster Films

The hoodlum kind rose in prevalence during the 1930s and most students of history find the start of its traditional stage as of now. The hoodlum films turned into a brilliant framework to display film's sound limits: ballistic assault rifle discharge, shrieking tires and sharp avenues charged the screen. The ascent additionally matched with chronicled states of Prohibition, for example, infamous genuine criminals, similar to Al Capone, and fierce episode, for example, the St. Valentine's Day Massacre in 1929. They are created around the harmful activities of Gangsters, for example, burglars, black market supervisors, or merciless hoodlums who resist the law, brutally killing and taking their way through life. Criminal stories frequently feature the life of a hoodlum figure or survivors of the hoodlum. They some of the time likewise depict the ascent and fall of criminals through their own capacity battle and strife with the law, or contending hoodlums. Feature snatching circumstances, genuine hoodlums, or wrongdoing news have frequently been utilized in wrongdoing films. Hoodlum/wrongdoing films are normally set in huge, jam-stuffed urban areas, to give a perspective on the secretive universe of the criminal: booty, dim clubs or avenues with showy neon signs, super vehicles, huge amounts of money, bars, run down homes or motel. Surprising areas for wrongdoings frequently include a component of experience and riches. Journalists invoked suitable gangland dialect for the stories, for example, â€Å"tommy guns† or â€Å"molls. † Film criminals are normally narrow minded, road savvy, degenerate, and pointless. Competition with different hoodlums in criminal fighting is regularly a huge plot trademark. Wrongdoing plots additionally incorporate inquiries, for example, how the criminal will be seized by police, criminologists, specialists or legitimate specialists, or puzzles, for example, who took the esteemed article. They ascend to control with an intense merciless exterior while demonstrating a driven want for progress and acknowledgment, however underneath they can communicate affectability and delicacy. Howard Hawk's Scarface: The Shame of A Nation was a merciless film in the wrongdoing type. The star was Paul Muni as a punk in the Prohibition-Era Chicago. The film portrayed twenty eight passings and was the main film to utilize an automatic rifle. This vicious creation grabbed the eye of the Hays Code. At last, the discussion lead to the new Hays Production Code which controlled such vicious acts in films. After this editing, the attention went more on the great side of the law. They celebrated the cops, government specialist, and investigators, while putting a dark shade on them just as they were acceptable criminals. They would utilize severe techniques to catch lawbreakers. The finish of the Second World War and the relaxing of edit codes gave the blood and viciousness back to the wrongdoing and hoodlum class. Arthur Penn’s Bonnie and Clyde set new norms for rough conduct. The film’s realistic finale indicated the extremely cruel finish of the hoodlum darlings. Chiefs likewise took another interpretation of the normal picture of the hoodlums. The Mafia had dominated and hoodlum films were never the equivalent. On the off chance that the 1930s were about the ascent and fall of the criminal, the 1970s Mafia were about the ascent and persistent ascent of the Mafia family. The American dream had been accomplished by the past ‘losers’. Francis Ford Coppola’s coordinated Mario Puzzo’s top of the line novel The Godfather, The Godfather Part II, and in the end The Godfather Part III. It was a great especially in its rich depiction of the Mafia family. The movies demonstrated an alternate side of the gangland as a closely knit family that is run more like a business than an ambiguous activity. Different 1970s movies demonstrated the opposite side of the power in the brutal and injurious strategies of the investigators attempting to get crooks. Clint Eastwood featured as the investigator known as â€Å"Dirty† Harry Callahan who brought down lawbreakers with a larger than usual Magnum. Criminal stories are a gauge of our general public. Despite the fact that, we attempt frantically to overlook the clouded side to what we wish to be a humanized society, hoodlum and wrongdoing films show us the slimness of that politeness. . Hoodlums and lawbreakers, and the manner in which we depict them in movie form, show how we are truly near that brute inside.

Bahrain Bay Essay

1. What are Bahrain Bay’s four central methods of reasoning, and in what manner may they be utilized as showcasing instruments? The first is style, a commitment to best in class engineering structures that make a cutting edge picture of this land venture. From a showcasing point of view, the imaginative plans are the key edge of Bahrain Bay’s structures. The second is network. As opposed to showcasing each building independently, Bahrain Bay tries to keep up brought together network for its inhabitants and businessmen. It reaches out past the customary idea of showcasing an assistance into place promoting, where an incorporated network is conceived. This is upheld by the advanced innovations and foundations. The third is social value. The Bay offers a wide scope of chances for all. It accepts to serve its partners. Bahrain Bay guarantees a personal satisfaction for occupants, organizations and guests the same. The fourth and last way of thinking is tomorrow’s condition. By utilizing first class advances and biologically solid foundations, Bahrain Bay is naturally neighborly, continuing a city for a long time into the future. 2.What would you see as Bahrain Bay’s mission? Bahrain Bay is an incredibly introduced assortment of waterfront private, retail, and business improvements, speaking to a special new point of convergence in Bahrain. 3.What is the MIPIM, and for what reason was it significant far Bahrain Bay to focus as potential clients, financial specialists, designers, and retailers? MIPIM is the world’s chief land public exhibition, hung on a yearly premise. It unites the most persuasive realtors to investigate significant worldwide property advancement ventures, interface with potential accomplices, and strike bargains more than 4 serious days. Bahrain Bay needed to advance their venture, in a setting that assembles would-be financial specialists, realtors, who are their definitive potential clients. 4.Why may the Kingdom of Bahrain be an appealing area for abroad speculators? Since its stable rather blasting monetary status as a significant money related and business focus, just as many rising tasks like Bahrain Investment Wharf, Bahrain Financial Harbor, Bahrain City Center and numerous others.

Shark: Blood and Dr. Ramos

Eight-year-old Jim Morris, swimming in the warm current off Florida's Gulf Coast, swam effectively toward his sister Amy and his uncle Robert. Yet, the children's fun in the shoulder-profound water was stopped by Jim's yells of â€Å"Get it off me! Get it off me! † Amy's shouts cut through the calmly moving breakers like a blade, â€Å"Help! A shark has gnawed off my sibling's arm! Call 911! † Nearby swimmers heard the cries as Uncle Robert hollered, â€Å"Help us get the shark. It gulped the arm! † The swimmers met on the spot, snatching the six-and-a-half-foot bull shark by the tail and hanging on with a death grip. The jerking shark was pulled aground barehanded by the gathering of men and shot. They got into the shark's mouth while Robert hauled Jim's correct arm out from between its jaws. As the kid's blood doused into the white sand, lifeguards started CPR and applied a tourniquet. Paramedics showed up to balance out Jim for transport to close by Coastal Hospital. His arm was stuffed in ice and brought. In the crisis room, Dr. Elaine Rogers, the doctor on the job, immediately requested different transfusions to reestablish the kid's blood flexibly as the ER group started settling his indispensable signs. Dr. Rogers started collecting the working room group that would endeavor to reattach Jim's arm. She called Ronan McBane, a microvascular specialist, at his home. â€Å"Ronan, we have a neatly cut off arm because of a shark chomp. It would appear that it was simply hacked off, with hardly any destroying of the tissue. The sharp-edged teeth of the shark bit through the kid's arm so neatly it nearly appears to have been cut off by a knife. The kid is eight years of age and, despite the fact that he is still not so great, we believe that since the arm was recouped and is in sensibly acceptable condition, we have a decent possibility at progress. Further discussion persuaded Ronan that reattachment was conceivable. When Dr. McBane showed up, different individuals from his clinical group had begun cleaning for the 12 hours of medical procedure that would be expected to reconnect Jim's muscles, bone, and nerves. Dr. McBane declared to the watching understudies: â€Å"This arm was cut off around four crawls over the elbow. I need first to recognize the muscles, veins, and nerves in both the arm and the stump. We'll check each of these with stitches so that once Dr. Ramos has cut the injury and put in the supporting plate, we'll have the option to return and connect everything. † Once the stitches were set up, orthopedic specialist Juliet Ramos clarified her job: â€Å"I'm going to trim bone on each side of the cut so we can place in a plate that will keep the two pieces of his arm together. This technique will make the correct arm somewhat shorter than the left one, yet the one-inch distinction shouldn't be excessively recognizable. † After the plate was fastened, Dr. Ronan stated: â€Å"Jim's arm is currently unblemished from the shoulder to the hand, yet the crucial step is simply starting. We should now reattach every one of the muscles and nerves on either side of this hole between the shoulder partition and the cut off arm. We will likewise need to collect the saphenous vein so as to reconnect a portion of these vessels. † Several hours after the fact the entirety of the veins and nerves were associated. Dr. Ronan expelled the clips from the brachial and different corridors and blood began streaming again through Jim's arm, breathing life into it once more. As Jim was sent into the recuperation room, Dr. Ramos and Dr. McBane took a gander at one another with help. The two specialists at that point left the working space to disclose the activity to Jim's folks. In spite of the fact that the forecast for their child's recuperation was acceptable, one sentence spoken by Dr. Ramos stood apart to Mr. furthermore, Mrs. Morris: â€Å"It is impossible Jim will ever recover total utilization of his arm and hand. † Note: These occasions depend on the genuine instance of Jessie Arbogast, whose arm was gnawed off by a bull shark close to Pensacola, Florida, on July 6, 2001. Study Questions Look up data in your notes, content, chart book, the library, and the web about the arm and reattachment. Rundown the extra assets you use to respond to the accompanying inquiries: 1. Distinguish at any rate five organ frameworks in this district of the arm that the specialist would have set apart for reattachment. 2. Rundown the names of the particular structures that must be reattached. 3. What organ framework was probably not reattached? Clarify. 4. For what reason was a perfect nibble so significant? 5. For what reason was the bone abbreviated? 6. Distinguish the developments related with the arm, lower arm, wrist, and fingers. 7. Clarify how the developments of the reattached arm may be modified after the reattachment. 8. Characterize insurance flow and recognize the areas of security dissemination that would be found in the furthest point. 9. Recognize the particular vessels that give the security flow to the elbow. 10. Distinguish explicit kinds of exercises that may cause Jim issues after recuperation. 11. For what reason would full utilization of his arm be impossible? 12. Expect the job of the specialists as they disclose the method to Jim's folks. Compose a one-to two-page clarification about the medical procedure, giving specific consideration to what you would state about recovering utilization of his arm, lower arm, and hand. 13. Expect the medical procedure to reconnect veins was effective and blood stream was restored promptly all through the arm. Would the nerves of the arm recoup as fast and totally as the muscles? Clarify why or why not. 14. By what means may this circumstance have been unique if Jim had been 80 rather than 8 years of age? Picture Credit: Photograph of bull shark by John Bantin. Copyright 2000. Utilized with consent. Date Posted: 05/24/02 nas. Reexamined 08/20/02. Copyright  © 2003 by the National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science. If it's not too much tro uble see our utilization rules, which plot our approach concerning passable multiplication of this work.

Taking the PARCC Essay Student Samples

Taking the PARCC Essay Student SamplesThe most important thing to understand about the PARCC essay student samples is that they should be used for a purpose, not for pleasure. After all, most colleges do not really give out hard-copy books or answer sheets, but instead have these projects distributed via the internet and email. And while you may be able to get a good idea of how to write a good essay if you only read through them, do not attempt to write an essay with all of these examples.To give you a better idea of what you will learn from a good book or guide on the PARCC tests, let's first talk about how they are structured. Most of these books have three main sections: introduction, practice question, and short answer. The introduction section has about thirty percent of the content, and are where the descriptions of the student's character and learning style are provided. This is where you get a sense of the types of essays that they give out.Another thirty percent of the typi cal sample's format is dedicated to the practice questions. Some of these practice questions are very similar to what you will find on the actual test, but many times they are very specific and instruct you to write on a different level than what you are accustomed to. It is important to note that when writing on a specific question from a specific sample, you need to make sure you understand the concept behind the question before you can proceed.Finally, there is a short answer section at the end of the sample that gives you one more chance to express your knowledge on a certain topic areas. If your final score falls below a certain level, then your overall score could also suffer.In addition to having to write essays, you will also be required to do research in order to score high on the PARCC test. But even though it might seem like a daunting task at first, you can help yourself out a lot by first reading a sample on this topic area. This is important because it will help you un derstand the proper research methodology and test taking techniques that are expected in order to get a good score.It will also be very helpful if you read a good book or guide that gives examples of what is expected from the students and what is not. Once you get to know what to expect, it will be much easier to prepare for the test. It will also be easier to do the necessary research as well.With the number of people using the internet to take the PARCC test, the students who do well tend to get more than others who do poorly. When a student can effectively prepare themselves for the test, they have a great advantage over those who are just trying to get the best score possible. By having a solid understanding of what is expected, as well as getting through to the right people about the research requirements, they can turn in their own personal PARCC essay student samples that they are proud of.One important thing to remember is that the instructor is always going to look over the project and make a final decision on whether or not they should offer the student an essay. So make sure you follow up with your instructor and ask for help. They may be able to write a brief review for the subject, or offer some tips on what things to include.

Best Undergrad Programs Academics

Best Undergrad Programs: Academics by: Jeff Schmitt on November 25, 2014 | 0 Comments Comments 8,783 Views November 25, 2014Wake Forest Universitys Farrell Hallâ€Å"Ten years from now, no one will care what your grade point was.† That’s a joke, right? You can read whole textbooks, deliver flawless presentations, and ace your exams and it won’t matter in the end?Yeah, that covers it.You see, work is governed by very different rules than academia. Being brainy and conscientious will help, no doubt.   In business, you don’t follow a curriculum – you create one.   You’re graded on a â€Å"what-have-you-done-for-me-lately curve, predicated on the revenue you produce. Here, quantity often takes priority over quality. At some point, you’re bound to report to some college washout with more political capital than you have.DO GRADES REALLY MATTER IN BUSINESS SCHOOL?So if academic merit doesn’t matter, why bother studying at all ?For starters, you need to get your foot in the door. To some employers, academic success ultimately translates into workplace success. In a rigorous program, high grades reflect commitment and discipline as much as aptitude.   They can help you connect with potential mentors and internships. Even after you purge a GPA from your resume, the name of your alma mater – and how it’s perceived by employers – reverberates through your career.Not to mention, academia simulates work in some key areas. As a student, managing heavy workloads and meeting high expectations prepares you for increasingly lean employers with big goals and few hands. If you study alongside other top students, you’ll find their abilities naturally rub off and raise your own. One more thing: Grades matter when it comes time to enroll in graduate school.BLOOMBERG BUSINESSWEEK’S SURVEY METHODOLOGY So how can you measure academic quality? Each year, Bloomberg Businessweek conducts it s annual undergraduate business school rankings, which measure programs based on quantitative data (median starting salaries, SAT scores, faculty-to-student ratios) and qualitative data (recruiter and student surveys).As part of its rankings, Bloomberg Businessweek calculates an academic quality rank. Here, they use five metrics to evaluate academic performance. Each school supplies three of these metrics: average SAT score (most recent class), the ratio of full-time students to full-time faculty, and the average class sizes in core courses.Through surveys, students provide the remaining data: Percentage of students with business-related internships, and average weekly hours that students spend preparing for class. The survey was sent to 91,603 graduating seniors at 152 institutions (with nearly a third responding).To calculate the academic ranking, Bloomberg Businessweek uses the following formula: â€Å"For each of the five metrics, schools were awarded points based on their quin tile on a scale of five points for being in the top quintile down to one point for being in the bottom. The final AQ score is the sum of each of the five scores.†WAKE FOREST TOPS THE LISTSo which program scored the highest? That would be Wake Forest University, which recently ended its full-time MBA program. Despite ranking No. 11 overall (and No. 27 among recruiters), Wake Forest came out on top academically. What separates Wake Forest? For starters, they maintain an 8.3-to-1 full-time student-to-full-time-faculty ratio, the second lowest among all schools surveyed. Their students also enter with a respectable 1344 SAT and give faculty an A+ grade during the program. Page 1 of 512345 »

The Model Of Behavior Change - 931 Words

The primary objective of this paper is discuss the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change and its application in healthcare settings, and discuss the strength and weakness of the Model. Number of theories and analytical models were described that helps us to understand how people modify their behavior but no one of them accepted universally. The Transtheoretical model (TTM) of change which is also known as the the stages of change model, first described by Prochaska and associates (1983) is widely used theory to explain the behavior change. Unlike other models of behavior change, which focus on social or biological influences, The TTM model focuses on individual’s decision-making abilities. Assumption of The TTM models and major†¦show more content†¦Other people for their efforts and visible results recognize them. The final stage of TTM is maintenance in which people have significantly modified their behavior and working to prevent relapse. Individual involved in modified behavior for more than 6 months is considered as maintenance stage. Individual’s stage in process can be measures by asking questions related to current behavior, future intentions and past attempts. Process of Change The process of change in TTM model explains how the changes occur in different stages. Ten different processes can be divided in to two groups of cognitive and affective experiential processes and behavioral processes. These covert and overt process needs to be implemented to achieve desired behavior change. Consciousness Raising: is a process in which individual increase their awareness through information, education and feedback related to desired behavior. Environmental revaluation: Understanding of pros and cons of problematic behavior that affects social environment. Dramatic Relief: Process of experiencing and sharing emotion related to problematic behavior. Social Liberation: it is need for increased opportunities and alternatives to promote desired behavior among deprived and oppressed Self-reevaluation: Cognitive and affective assessment of self with and without unhealthy behavior. Self-Liberation: is individual’s belief in their actions and commitment for futureShow MoreRelatedBehavior Change Theories and Models943 Words   |  4 Pagessuccessful, it is imperative to fully understand how behavior can change in an instant. Health education depends on using the proper theories and models. This paper will address the theories and models used in health education, the importance of the theories, as well as real world examples and information from models used in health education. To understand why it is important to use theories, one must first understand the difference between theories and models. While theories are a set of interrelated conceptsRead MoreThe Theories And Models Of Behavior And Behavior Change1725 Words   |  7 Pages about how it is perceived from a scientific perspective There are many theories and models which try to explain human behaviour. They emanate from all disciplines of social science. We can find them also in psychology, anthropology, philosophy, economy and biology. Jake Morris et al in their paper â€Å"Theories and models of behaviour and behaviour change† [2] provide a comprehensive review of many existing models. The difficulty in identifying determinants of human acting arise from the randomnessRead MoreDifferent Models Of Behavior Change1806 Words   |  8 PagesIn this assignment I will be explaining two models of behaviour change that have been used in recent national health education campaigns, I will be explaining what the campaigns are about, how they target particular audience groups and why. Most health education campaigns are to educate the community on how to lead healthier lives, why and to live for longer, this is done through trying to educate them to change their unhealthy life styles or habits and chose healthie r opinions. The first nationalRead MoreEcological Models And Health Behavior Change Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesEcological Models And Health Behavior Change On individual level changes in health promotion and ecological approaches target and influence multiple health behaviors. This is because the individuals living in the environment are embedded in temporary change of behaviors. Therefore it is very important to consider ecological approaches, changing health behaviors and environmental factors while designing operational and supportable health promotion plans. 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In this paper, we will discuss the history of the theory and its constructs. We will also examine a diabetes study and the impact of TTM in conjunction with Social Cognitive and the Theory of Reasoned Action as applied urbanRead MoreStages of Carlo DiClementes Change Model Essay1201 Words   |  5 Pageshe became drawn to studying smokers since it was easy to evaluate their behavior’s and even finding individuals that were actively trying to change their behaviors of addiction. He noticed that those with or no medical assistance made success in changing their smoking behavior, this is when without realizing he began a socio-political influence worldwide change with social psychologist, political psychologist, including society influenced by his theories put into practice. Many of today’s contributionsRead MoreStages Of Change Model By Carlo Diclemente And James Prochaska1278 Words   |  6 PagesBackground The Transtheoretical model, commonly called the stages of change model, was founded by Carlo Diclemente and James Prochaska who conducted a comparative analysis between people who decide to quit smoking on their own and those in programs designed to help quit smoking (Prochaska, Redding, Evers, 2008).From this study, they discovered that there are a series of processes that a person doing a behavioral change must go through (Prochaska, Redding, Evers, 2008). Once these processes andRead MoreCase Study : Learning Models With Behavioral And Life Experience Patterns That Disturb Them And Change With Time1363 Words   |  6 PagesMaura’s Case: Learning Models Introduction Various learning models that can be applied in medical psychology and therapy exist. In the recent past, the learning models have been researched and their use in human medicine improved. The most basic form is associative learning where new association with events in the environment is made. The majority of the learning models or theories that exist borrow from Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov in the early twentieth century. Pavlov used dogs in his researchRead MoreEssay on Transtheoretical Model and Chronic Stress Management1537 Words   |  7 PagesThe behavior I would like to change is the management of chronic stress. Chronic stress is a precursor for most health problems in today’s society. If we look at the start of most health problems, we can likely trace it back to chronic stress. Chronic stress releases levels of cortisol higher than normal. Cortisol is a hormone released from someone with chronic stress, which can which can negatively affect the body’s ab ility to function. Getting sick is another negative factor of being overly

Report on time management, SWOT analysis, learning styles...

A Report on Time Management, SWOT Analysis, Learning styles and report and essay writing Written by: Natasha Haley Written for: Graham Pogson Date: 11/10/13 Professional Development Planning C57PD Borders Business Programme, Year 1 Contents Section Page Number 1. Summary 2. Introduction 3. Findings 2.1 Time Management 2.2 SWOT Analysis 2.3 Learning styles 2.4 Report and essay writing 4. Conclusion 5. References 6. Bibliography 7. Appendices 3.1.1 Estimate timetable 3.1.2 Realistic timetable 3.3.1 VAK learning styles questionnaire 3.3.2 Honey Mumford learning style questionnaire 3.3.3 VARK learning styles questionnaire 3.4.2 Essay example 3.4.3 Report Example 3 3 3 3 5 10 13 14 15†¦show more content†¦There are some tools widely used for doing this, such as planners, diaries and timetables. You can use a timetable to plan out your activities (see appendix 3.1.1.) As you can see the author has carefully planned their week to include everything they think is important to be done within that time frame. You may benefit from completing two tables: the first with what you think you do, the second with what you really do (see appendix 3.1.2.) You will notice here that the author has some changes, some quite significant. It should be noted that, even when planning your time carefully, there will be huge differences in what you actually do with the time you have. These tables however are simple in layout, and can be easily compared to one another for future reference. 3.2 SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis is a form of situational analysis, which focuses on an organisations or persons: 1 Strengths 2 Weaknesses 3 Opportunities 4 Threats To begin a SWOT analysis it is typical that first of all the internal factors would be reviewed (strengths and weaknesses) and then focus would shift to the external factors (opportunities and threats.) 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Question: Discuss about the Leading and Managing in Culturally Diverse Environments. Answer: Introduction Alibaba, founded by Jack Ma, is composed of many e-commerce businesses in the B2B, C2C, and B2C. Operating mainly in China, Alibaba has become a major player in the internet revolution of the country. With an excellent knowledge of the fragmented Chinese market, an easy-to-use, interactive and secure site, Alibaba has created a loyal customer base, mainly among small and medium sized Chinese companies seeking to expand their customer base with limited resources. Jack Ma, by his decisions, protected his company from competitors like Ebay, and now wants, thanks to an alliance with Yahoo! Expand activities in the web search market (Ellis, 2010). The rise of the internet to conduct commerce has seen a significant growth in recent years, and for the Alibaba, the brand has allowed access to products for consumers. When doing business via the internet is important to develop cultural profiles to determine customer needs and wants which Alibaba has tracked through consumer purchase and habits. The importance of effective communication is vital when communicating across culture (Peppard, 2016). Alibaba has crafted an active communication channel as the messages to the consumer are decoded as they have been encoded. It is in the second stage of the communication process that can be influenced by feedback in the form of cultural influences precisely attitudes, values and beliefs. Alibaba has recognized the role culture plays in effective marketing and has met the consumer desires of offering low cost, available goods. One of the main reasons why Alibaba has been so successful is due to their cultural sensitivity when developing onli ne marketing material and conducting business. Conclusion Communication is therefore considered to be a major issue when it comes to any business and commerce activities across cultures. People need to have a mutual understanding to enable satisfaction amongst the parties involved. Alibaba has paved the way for cultural recognition by engaging diverse cultures in their operations and giving an equal chance to all. The organization has worked in the lines of developing proper communication channels across all its networks (Peppard, 2016) Consumers are now able to purchase goods and agree to the terms and conditions more effectively as their views are considered, They are also able to give feedback concerning their satisfaction with the products purchased and services offered, Through these activities, Alibaba can advance more on their online interactions as they already know their strengths and weaknesses. Alibabas success is therefore based on their cultural diversity and sensitivity in the sectors of business and especially online marketin g. Any company that considers growth as the primary agenda should, therefore, ensure that they involve all aspects of communication within its operations to give consumers a free interaction (Ellis, 2010). The best way that many multinational companies are conducting businesses is having representations from all over the world. In this way, they can bring services closer to the consumers and in a manner that each party is satisfied. Advertisers and online marketers should also be from the particular region to enable a healthy relationship with the customers with the brand. Proper communication equals to a good turnout in the sectors of purchase and brand development. All organization should, therefore, emulate Alibaba and develop their cultural considerations and communication channels (Ellis, 2010). References Ellis, N. (2010). Business to business marketing: Relationships, networks and strategies. Oxford University Press. Peppard, J. . (2016). The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. . John Wiley Sons.

Basic Computer Application Exam Paper free essay sample

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Tuples. B. Attributes. C. Data types. D. Relationships. E. Tables. 7. Which of the following acts as the bridge between Human and Machine in a DBMS Environment? A. People B. Hardware C. Software D. Procedures E. None of the above 8. Internal view of the database architecture is the A. Users’ view of the database B. Community view of the database. C. Physical representation of the database on the computer D. Logical representation of the database on the computer E. All of the above 9. Which of the following is an advantage of the client-server architecture? A. Reduced network traffic B. Hardware cost may be reduced C. Increased consistency D. Increased performance E. All of the above 10. One of the benefits of normalisation is that it A. B. C. D. E. Increase the number of attributes Increases data redundancy Increases update anomalies Increases the stability of the relational data model Increases the application maintenance cost 11. Which of the following is TRUE for an Entity Relational Diagram (ERD)? A. B. C. D. E. Represents data view of a system Provides a high level, conceptual view of the database structure Specify the data to be stored Shows the relationship that exists between data items All of the above Page 2 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 12. Which of the following is NOT part of an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)? A. Entity B. Relationship C. Actor D. Attributes E. Cardinality 13. The different kinds of requirements include: A. B. C. D. E. Functional, non-functional, semi-functional and data requirements. Functional, non-functional, semi-functional and physical requirements. Functional, non-functional, semi-functional and social requirements. Functional, non-functional, semi-functional and organisational requirements. Data, physical, social and organisational requirements. 14. Which of the following is NOT an aim of the requirement analysis phase? A. B. C. D. E. Understand the users. Understand the task. Understand the context. Produce a stable set of requirements. Design questionnaires to elicit specific information 15. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. B. C. D. People’s immediate memory capacity is very limited Context is not important in affecting our memory Interacting with technology is not cognitive During design implications for attention, we should focus on cluttering the interface E. None of the above 16. Which of the following is NOT a method of externalizing to reduce memory load? A. Notes B. Diaries C. Reminders D. Calendars E. None of the above 17. Which of the following is NOT a valid method of doing annotation? A. Crossing off B. Ticking C. Underlining D. Learning E. None of the above Page 3 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 18. â€Å"A department hires many employees. An employee is employed by one department. â€Å" Which cardinality mapping best describes the relationship between Department and Employee? A. 1 to 1 B. 1 to N C. M to N D. N to M E. M to M 19. Which of the following statements is FALSE about data gathering techniques? A. Questionnaires are good for answering specific questions from a large, dispersed group of people. B. Interviews can be structured, unstructured or semi-structured. C. Naturalistic observation is good for exploring issues. D. Workshops are good at gaining a consensus view and/or highlighting areas of conflict. E. Documents are good for understanding legislation, and getting background information. 20. How many columns will be displayed after executing the query : SELECT id, name, surname FROM student; A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 0 21. A _____________ can be further subdivided to yield additional attributes. A. Simple attribute B. Composite attribute C. Derived attribute D. Multivalued attribute E. None of the above Page 4 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 22. One of the advantages of Supply Chain Management systems is that: A. It allows business to keep inventories at their lowest cost B. It allows businesses to choose the best customers C. It is better than Customer Relationship management systems D. It allows the customer to stay in close contact with its business partners E. All of the Above 23. Which of the following would correctly define computational offloading? A. When a tool is used in conjunction with an external representation to carry out a calculation (e. g. pen and paper) B. To-do lists written to remind us of what to do C. Explaining how we interact with external representations (e. g. aps, notes, diagrams) D. Internal constructions of some aspect of the external world enabling predictions to be made E. None of the above 24. An Enterprise Resource Planning system is a A. System for managing all the resources of the enterprise only B. System used mainly by the HR department C. System with a single database used to link the different business processes of an organisation D. System used only b y senior managers for strategic planning purposes E. System used to carry out day to day activities only 25. If a computer on the network shares resources using the HTTP protocol for thers to use, it is called a A. Browser B. Server C. Client D. Router E. Switch 26. Identify which of the following is INCORRECT about packet switching? A. Data are broken down into datagrams. B. Each datagram has the sender’s IP address and the destination’s IP address. C. All datagrams travel along the same path determined by routers. D. Datagrams are reassembled at destination. E. Loss datagram are retransmitted. Page 5 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 27. A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) can be a combination of 1 2 3 4 5 B. 2,3,4,5 C. 1,3,4,5 D. 1,2,4,5 E. 1,2,3,5 28. Which of the following statements is FALSE about the differences between the Internet and the World Wide Web? A. Internet is the interconnection of networks while the WWW is where information is stored B. Internet is physical while WWW is abstract (imaginary) C. Without WWW, Users will not be able to access the Internet D. Cables connect computers together for the Internet while the WWW is connected by hypertext links E. None of the above File Server Router Protocol Path A. 1,2,3,4 29. Which one of the following devices has a sole purpose to extend the physical length of a network? A. Switch B. Repeater C. Bridge D. Router E. Gateway 30. A network protocol is A. Software that facilitates connection to the internet. Page 6 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 B. A list of rules that describe how clients and servers communicate. C. Software that allows file copying. D. A gateway calling program for internet bridging . E. None of the above Question 2 [30 marks] (a) Match the following terms to their meaning 1. Data inconsistency A describes what data is stored in the database and the relationships among the data B Conflicting-versions of the same data C Enforces valid relationships between tables in a relational database. D A collection of application programs that perform services for the end-users such as the production of reports E It is a program that interacts with the database at some point in time [5 x 1 mark] [5 marks] 2. Conceptual level 3. Referential integrity. 4. Database Application 5. File Based System (b) (c) List down all the main steps required in designing a database. The following table shows details of vehicle owners in un-normalised form. An owner can have several vehicles. The town of the owner determines the district of the owner. Table : Vehicle_Owner CustSurname Smith Bernes CustForeName Tom Tim District PlaineWilhems Moka Town Curepipe Reduit RegNo X005 Y003 A001 B321 C008 D021 VehicleMake Honda Mitsubishi Nissan Lancer Honda Toyota Spears Britney Black-River Case Noyal Page 7 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 (i) Illustrate examples of the following anomalies : 1. Insertion anomalies 2. Update anomalies 3. Delete anomalies [3 marks] (ii) Normalise the data shown in the above table and show the development of your design through 1NF, 2NF and 3NF. Give appropriate names to the relations obtained and underline the primary keys of each relation. Use only the attributes provided in the table. 7 marks] (d) Consider the following scenario : â€Å"The Tertiary Education Authority (TEA) requires a system to hold details of the applicants who apply for programmes run by local institutions. Each programme is run at only one institution, though more than one programme is run at each institution. An applicant may apply for several programmes. Each institution consists of several classes and applicants are allocated to classes after they have been offered a seat. The system will store details such as identity number, surname, forename, address, telephone, date of birth and qualifications of applicants. As for the programme, its code, name and description will be stored. Every class has a name, description, location and type. † Draw the ERD for the above scenario using Chen’s notation. [10 marks] Question 3 [20 marks] (a) Consider the following tables with sample data : Table : Passenger PassID P001 P002 P005 PassName Tom Clavier Smith Polo Tintin Row Address Pamplemousses Souillac RoseMary PhoneNum 78963214 47852369 78965412 Table : Aircraft AirNum AirName Capacity Page 8 of 11 Details BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 MK065 FR785 EM012 Air Mauritius Air France Emirates 150 100 300 TwoWay TwoWay OneWay Table : Flight FlightID F7822 G4522 P9856 PassID P002 P336 P001 AirNum FR633 EM012 MK065 Write the SQL statement which will : (i) (ii) Return the name and address of all passengers. [1 mark] Return all the name of the passengers who has taken the flight which has an ID of MK065. [3 marks] Return all the passenger ID along with the aircraft name whose capacity is 100 on which they have travelled. [4 marks] Return all the aircraft number whose name starts with ‘pa’ and ends with ‘ma’. [2 marks] (iii) (iv) (b) A book is written by an author, published by a publisher and sold by a book store. A reader can read a book. However, for a reader to read a book, he/she must buy the book. The reader can buy the book online or from a bookstore. Draw a use case diagram for this scenario. [6 marks] (c) Conceptual model enables users to readily learn a system and use it effectively. Describe how â€Å"Mental Modelling† is an approach that can help users in understanding a system. [4 marks] Question 4 [20 marks] Page 9 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 (a) (i) Differentiate between the two types of information systems which are used at the management level. [6 marks] (ii) Expert system is used at the Knowledge level. Briefly explain the term â€Å"Expert systemâ€Å"? [2 marks] (b) (i) Using appropriate example, describe the format of a URL. [2 marks] (ii) Using the diagram below, describe the processes represented by numbers (1-6) performed by the Domain Name Server. [5 marks] (c) (i) A hub is one of the networking devices that is used in a star topology. Explain the function of a hub. [2 marks] (ii) Consider the network topology below : State ONE advantage and TWO disadvantages of using this topology. Page 10 of 11 [3 marks] BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 END OF QUESTION PAPER Multiple Choice (Circle the correct Answer)

Sample Essay Topic - Essay Topics for College Essay Exams

Sample Essay Topic - Essay Topics for College Essay ExamsWriting a good essay is one of the most important skills in your college education, so it's important to have a list of essay topics ready before you start writing. Below are some sample topics to get you started.Each of these essay topic ideas has a set of guidelines for writing an essay. There is the letter of introduction, the opening paragraph, the conclusion, and the body of the essay. These all must be included in a completed essay.As an example, if you're writing a list about your son's first three months of life, here are some ideas for topics. Let's say you write the letter of introduction. The following are the beginning paragraphs to the list, in order of importance.The first paragraph should state something that sets the tone for the rest of the letter. This is the reason you need to have your sample list in place. In this example, the sun's first three months.Next is the first paragraph, which you write as if you w ere writing an actual letter. The sentence structure should reflect a formal style that would have been expected in a letter. For example, there should be a formal start, ending, and forward.The last paragraph sets up the conclusion. It describes the main thesis of the letter. It should end with a question or statement that provides the answer to the main question or the problem at hand.Since you have a sample essay topics list, you can now begin writing. However, there are some tips to help keep things organized. One tip is to always write each section of the list in its own separate essay topic.If you're writing your essay from scratch, create a practice outline. This will help you stay on track and avoid any confusion in the writing process.

Race Issues Essays (1218 words) - , Term Papers

Race Issues In the novel, No Hiding Place, by Valerie Wilson Wesley, the main character private investigator Tamara Hayle faces many difficulties in her career in law enforcement. Wesley explores the struggles of a black woman in a white-male dominated police force and at the same time she also comments upon the constant struggle between inner-city blacks and the oppression they face from the police force. The novel is set in the modern-day and takes an introspective look at today's problems. Wesley also uses a few flashbacks from the past in order to give insight into today's problems. As the novel opens Tamara is held up at gunpoint by a black youth. From the boy's fear Tamara can tell that this is the boy's first time robbing somebody. Because he is inexperienced, Tamara is able to escape by bluffing. She tells the boy that she is a cop and that her partner is on his way. This statement in itself makes the youth very nervous. She places the final blow by reminding the youth of the penalty for killing a police officer-life in prison. She also adds that more than likely he will be tried as an adult. This statement sends the boy running away. This situation which opens the novel illustrates the extreme mistrust between inner-city youth and the law-enforcement. The situation also illustrates the severe penalty the indigenous population must pay for striking out against the law. This penalty is massively increased if the law officer happens to be a member of the white race. The opposite, however, does not hold true. White police officers can brutalize black youths and still walk away unreprimanded and unaccountable. Through a situation of blaming the victim the officers can clear their reputations in the name of self-defense. The hand of justice, which falls swiftly and heavily upon the black youth who lashes out on white law enforcement, seems to take a leave of absent when white officials are clearly guilty against minorities. This situation is also comparable to the lynching of blacks which greatly increased in the era after the Civil War. According to the book Racial and Ethnic Relations, White lynchers were seldom punished for their crimes, and many lynchings took place with the acquiescence of police officials?[After World War II] public lynchings had largely been replaced by 'legal' and secret lynchings. Legal lynchings included numerous killings of innocent blacks by white police officers (Feagin & Feagin 248). Tamara is very wary of going to the police and she finally decides not to report the youth because she knows first hand the dangers that the boy will face in the hands of the police. Tamara had once been a police officer herself, but she quit the force in part because of the harassment she faced as a black woman, but mostly because of one particular incident. Her own son, Jamal, and one of his friends had been walking through a white neighborhood. The boys were stopped by Tamara's own partner. Then suddenly the officer opened fire and killed Jamal's friend. Tamara had not even been informed of the situation and only came to know about it later on. Another occasion in which the issue of police brutality arises is when Tamara is reminiscing with one of her friends. They remember Newark in its days of glory. It had once been a rich bustling town. White people had lived in Newark, and businesses flourished. As more and more blacks came, the whites left, and with them left the tax base. A fter the whites left, public funds dwindled. Money was no longer allotted for the town's upkeep. The town was allowed to slowly waste away. Besides the loss of tax money, greedy politicians also took advantage of the city. The final heavy blow upon the city was due to the riots. The police had murdered a youth and the riot erupted. The National Guard was sent in and innocent people were killed in the streets and within their own houses as well. Finally the introduction of crack toppled the town downward to rock bottom. Authors Joe and Clairece Feagin point out that white officials have often created riots through their violence against minorities (251).

Jurisprudence Essay †Ethics and Philosophy Paper

Jurisprudence Essay – Ethics and Philosophy Paper Free Online Research Papers Jurisprudence Essay Ethics and Philosophy Paper â€Å"Does utilitarianism provide an appropriate ethical basis for determining the existence and content of any duties we owe towards poor people living in developing countries and/or towards animals?† Introduction It is important in any argument to have boundaries, structure and guidelines. There is no one definition of utilitarianism. Provided below are particular extracts that endeavour to define the foundations of utilitarianism. Macquarie Dictionary ‘Concerning practical or material things.’1 Will Kymlicka ‘†¦ claims that the morally right act or policy is that which produces the greatest happiness for the members of society.’2 Kymlicka’s extract refers to society; this term can be related to any perceived injustice throughout the world. Utilitarianism is demonstrated by many modern day philosophers as the building block for animal rights fundamentalist and the ever expanding concept of globalisation. The obvious problem with a utilitarianism argument is that it is based on personal moral and ethical opinions and perceptions. Ethics is seen to be a ‘system of moral principles, by which human actions and proposals may be judged good or bad or right or wrong.’3 Ann Atkinson (Ed), Macquaire Dictionary (1991) 509. Will Kymlicka, ‘Utilitarianism’ in Contemporary Political Philosophy An Intro (2nd Ed, 2002) 10. Atkinson, above n 1, 164. Therefore, utilitarian theory does provide an ethical basis for determining the existence and content in any particular moral issues in modern society. The moral issues that will be expanded on throughout this essay are in relation to the duties that modern day societies owe to the poor people living in developing countries and towards man’s best friend, animals. Developing Countries The United Nations has defined all countries and nation-states as either developed or developing. There are many factors and considerations that contribute to the classification of a developing country. The most commonly highlighted characteristics of a developing country are as follows: high poverty and malnutrition, medical access and standard of medical care limited, high infant mortality rate, poor housing, low literacy levels, access to clean water limited, poor infrastructure, exploitation of natural resources, lack of military and police forces, and political/racial or religion based fighting. Countries that fall into the developing section seek foreign aid to help improve their lives from developed countries. Foreign aid does not only come from donations of money from either government or non-government organisations, aid can come in other shapes and disguises. Medical staff, teachers, and engineers are renowned for their participation in developing countries throughout the world. People who give up there own time or money to help those in need support the view that it is morally correct to assist those in a less fortunate position then oneself. These people see it as their personal duty on this Earth to help those who cannot help themselves due to location and situation. Is it ethically correct to help poor people in developing countries? It should be the opinion of all personnel that poor people in developing countries (or those less fortunate) do require help from those that are in a position to provide the appropriate aid, ‘†¦most of us unquestioningly support declarations proclaiming that all humans have certain rights, and that all human life is of equal worth.’4 To what extent and scope does this aid entail is the moral and ethical argument. A brick in the foreign aid building is the concept of globalisation. Some people are of the opinion that they must aid their family, friends, neighbours and countrymen before helping those from a different background or country. Singer states, ‘†¦citizens give their primary, and near exclusive, loyalty to their own nation-state rather than to the larger global community, and such a system has not led to a great enough will to meet the pressing needs of those living in extreme poverty.’5 Singer is of the belief that we should ‘consider ourselves as members of an imagined community of the world.’6 Globalisation is gaining momentum throughout many industries. Some examples of the expanding globalisation trends are evident in daily society, these are multi-national companies, international laws and treaties, global environmental issues, joint military objectives, the stock exchange and joint currency (Euro). Peter Singer, One World: the Ethics of Globalisation (2002) 168. Ibid 188. Ibid 187. Utilitarian foundations are made on the assumption that the globe needs to be a happy and more fulfilling place. The ethical basis of providing aid to developing countries is to assist the poor people to have a better quality of life, happiness and thus producing a better outcome for all mankind. Hence, society acknowledges that duties do exist for richer people to provide to those who are poor. These duties are not only based on personal ethics, but also can be forced. An example of forced aid is personnel income tax. The more one earns the more tax they pay. These tax dollars contribute to governments helping those less fortunate in national and global arenas. It is thus established that duties do exist for developed countries and their kinsmen to aid developing countries. To what content does this aid evolve? There are no written rules about how much a government or a single person must contribute to foreign aid. In the opinion of a utilitarian theorist, the more aid donated to a developing country, the better. Singer makes the point that a person should give all they can spare, ‘†¦advocate that everyone with income to spare, after meeting their family’s needs, should contribute a minimum of 0.4 per cent of their income to organisations working to help the world’s poorest people.’7 This continues with Soros calling the proposed US government foreign aid contributions, ‘a token gesture instead of something that could successfully impact most of the poor countries.’8 Singer and Soro are appalled at governments and everyday people for not carrying out the socially required content of their duty to the developing countries. Ibid 211. Ibid 213. The content becomes complicated when developed nations are paying for the mistakes and inabilities of another country to sort out their own problems. Global inequality is a natural occurrence, so why are we determined as a global concept to redistribute the wealth evenly. Some nations throughout the world, like Australia, have been blessed with a large proportion of the world’s natural resources. Natural resources are a naturally significant inequality between nations. Natural resources generally provide a viable and reasonably steady export income for the government. Rawls makes a pertinent argument that, ‘†¦ it unacceptable for a person who has worked hard and achieved wealth to be taxed in order to support someone who has led a more relaxed life and so is now, in terms of resources held, among the worst-off members of society?.’9 On reflection of Australia’s recent colonial history, one might avoid accepting such strong opinions against the duties t owards developing countries. As Australia once was a developing country only 150 years ago, without the help of her colonial parent the ‘United Kingdom’, Australia would still be developing today. The United Kingdom originally saw Australia only for exploitation, not for it to become a real society within itself. Does every developing country require a parent to look after it and help it to become more developed? Singer describes certain governments only providing foreign aid where it will benefit their nation, by advancing their own strategic and cultural interests.10 This type of aid is how Australia become developed. The aid by these governments is not donated without ulterior motives, though it is still benefiting the global community. Ibid 195. Ibid 209. The theory of utilitarianism provides an ethical basis for outlining the global duties in the context of developing countries. The theory defines the basis of duties that must exist in a stable, happy and equal global community. The ethical debate over the content of duties required by developed countries towards developing countries will be harder to resolve, as all individuals share a different opinion on the amount of aid appropriate to be given from one’s own wealth. Animal Rights The issue of animal rights stems from the precedence that all living things on Earth have a right to live be happy and not exploited for human gratification. ‘Men and women are similar beings and should have similar rights, while humans and nonhumans are different and should not have equal rights’.11 Singer uses utilitarianism as an ethical basis for comparing the arguments of animal rights (speciesism) with women’s rights (feminism), though the phrase ‘rights’ should be changed to ‘equal consideration’. ‘Equal consideration for different beings may lead to different treatment and different rights.’12 Singer suggests that all living organisms on Earth should be given equal consideration when making decisions that may affect that organism. He also continues to explain that, ‘the interests of every being affected by an action are to be taken into account and given the same weight as the like interests of any other being.à ¢â‚¬â„¢13 The reason why this argument exists in society today is due to the present exploitation of many animals on Earth i.e. animals for human consumption (livestock, seafood); animals for human entertainment and recreation Peter Singer, Animal Liberation (2nd Ed, 1991) 2. Ibid. Ibid 5. (caged animals, domestic pets); laboratory test subjects; animals for clothing and animals for the production of other household products. This list does not include the animals dislodged from their ecosystems due to logging, tourism and housing developments. Therefore, ‘the taking into account of the interests of the being, whatever those interests may be – must, according to the principle of equality, be extended to all beings, black or white, masculine or feminine, human or nonhuman.’14 Singer’s argument is that all organisms on Earth should be given equal consideration when assessing a future action. Due to numerous animals each year suffering due to humans, there exists a moral need to grasp the duties expected of humans towards other organisms on Earth. ‘If possessing a higher degree of intelligence does not entitle one human to use another for his or her own ends, how can it entitle humans to exploit nonhumans for the same purpose.’15 Humans do not use each other for food, clothing, laboratory test subjects or household products so why should we not give equal consideration to animals. The content of the duties required by humans towards animals is hard to define, as humans do need to exploit animals in some context. Society’s current acceptable exploitation of animals includes but is not limited to: organic and natural farming of livestock (cattle, sheep, chickens, fish, and crustaceans) for food; clothing and household items; limited laboratory test animals for essential experiments16; and domestic pets. Animals are a great source of food and natural fibre for clothing and materials; it would be near impossible to completely substitute all products they can Ibid. Ibid 6. Peter Singer, ‘Tools for Research’, in Writings on an Ethical Life (2000) 54. provide with synthetic alternatives. There is a need for some animals to be exploited by humans, though all animals, especially those living in their natural ecosystems are to be given equal consideration when taking action that could affect the area and its inhabitants. Kymlicka’s explanation of utilitarianism17 suggests animals belong to their own society. They have an inherit right to be happy and be given equal consideration as appropriate, in comparison to other societies within the world. Conclusion If a person has morals which reflect equality for all organisms on earth, utilitarianism can be the basis of any ethical debate. This was proven within this essay by utilitarian theory being relevant and adaptive to both contrasting ethical debates. If there are society accepted morals involved in any debate, the theory of utilitarian could be used to mould a possible resolution or response. Utilitarianism proves that there is a distinct ethical requirement for developed countries to conduct duties towards developing countries. The extent of these duties is a matter of opinion. This opinion will evidently change as the phenomenon of globalisation increases. Eventually, developing countries could become developed countries, if enough aid was given by the current wealthy countries. 17. Kymlicka, above n 2, 10. The duty towards animals is to make sure as humans we give all organisms due and equal consideration. Hence, complete happiness for every animal will be quite unachievable in present society. This is due to humans need to exploit animals for consumption. It is unlikely that a substitute will replace this need for consumption. In summary, there are limitations to utilitarianism for both debates: a person of reasonable wealth should not be expected to part with their money when they have worked for it; and most humans consume meat as part of their daily diet, therefore, some exploitation of animals needs to continue. BIBLIOGRAPHY Ann Atkinson (Ed), Macquarie Dictionary (1991). Ronald Dworkin, Taking Rights Seriously (1977). Will Kymlicka, ‘Utilitarianism’ in Contemporary Political Philosophy An Intro (2nd Ed, 2002). Peter Singer, Animal Liberation (2nd Ed, 1991). Peter Singer, One World: the Ethics of Globalisation (2002). 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Job titles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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Computer Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Computer Assignment - Essay Example PARC's success has led Xerox to spin off new companies based on their accomplishments, and many of their researchers from the early days have gone on to join or create successful computer businesses of their own. The future is happening today at PARC. Cringely described Bill Gates as a "megalomaniac" and Steve Jobs as a "sociopath" (Cringely: x) their differences do not end there. They came from two very different worlds to succeed in personal computing. They are also similar in many respects and some of these similarities have been a problem for them. Bill Gates came from an influential family and has strived in life to be recognized in his own right and succeeded, even though he dropped out of Harvard as a sophomore. Microsoft's operating system, MS-Dos, was bought by one of the largest computer manufacturers in the world, IBM. Windows and Internet Explorer have set the standards that other software developers have tried to copy and compete with. Microsoft itself, along with PARC, has influenced the way that corporations in the computer industry are run. It has also influenced how these businesses conduct business. Steve Jobs never knew his real parents and it is believed that this fact accounts for his volatile nature and the need to be recognized in hopes that his parents will find him. ... Microsoft's operating system, MS-Dos, was bought by one of the largest computer manufacturers in the world, IBM. Windows and Internet Explorer have set the standards that other software developers have tried to copy and compete with. Microsoft itself, along with PARC, has influenced the way that corporations in the computer industry are run. It has also influenced how these businesses conduct business. Steve Jobs never knew his real parents and it is believed that this fact accounts for his volatile nature and the need to be recognized in hopes that his parents will find him. Unlike Gates, Jobs was already working, at a video games manufacturer, when he entered the industry. Apple computers are his claim to fame. It was his idea to refine and perfect Steve Wozniak's original computer, and then market it. Unlike Gates, he has left Apple and moved on to other things. The NeXT computer was his creation. He is always looking for a new idea and better ways of computing and communicating. In that respect both men are similar. They both want to improve the way that we work, play and communicate with personal computers. Neither of them was afraid to use other's ideas and products, by adapting them to their needs, and turn them into their own successful products. Jobs appropriated the mouse and Gates rewrote BASIC. They saw the possibilities and with a few changes of their own created new products which revolutionized the industry and how we use computers today. They are both excellent salesmen: enthusiastic, driven, and influential. They are able to captivate audiences with their energy and belief in their products and turn them around to their way of thinking. Neither of their initial products was perfect, but people bought into